6,222 research outputs found
Unseen is Unsold: Assessing Visual Equity with Commercial Eye-Tracking Data
In today’s cluttered retail environments, creating consumer pull through memory-based brand equity is not enough; marketers must also create “visual equity” for their brands (i.e., incremental sales triggered by in-store visual attention). In this paper, we show that commercial eye-tracking data, analyzed using a simple decision-path model of visual attention and brand consideration, can separately measure memory-based and visual equity of brands displayed on a supermarket shelf. In the two product categories studied, juices and detergents, we find that instore visual attention doubles on average the memory-based probability of consideration. Additionally, our empirical applications and normative analyses show how separating memorybased and visual equity can help improve managerial decisions about which brands to select for enhanced point-of-purchase marketing activities
Assessing and Improving Library Technology with Service Blueprinting
Objective: The objective of this article is to illustrate the application of service blueprinting—a design tool that comes from the service design tradition—for assessing and improving library technology services.
Setting: A mid-sized library at a public university in the western United States.
Methods: A service blueprint was co-created by library and IT staff in a design workshop in order to map the operational flow of a data visualization display wall.
Results: Guided by the service blueprint, the project team identified points of improvement for the service of the data visualization display wall, and developed recommendations to aid further applications of service blueprinting.
Conclusions: Ultimately, service blueprinting was found to be a useful tool that can be applied to assess and improve library technology services
Determining the fate of selenium in wheat biofortification: an isotopically labelled field trial study
Aims
The principal aim of this research was to quantify retention of a single, realistic Se biofortification application (10 g ha-1) in contrasting soils over two growing seasons utilizing an enriched stable Se isotope (77Se) to discriminate between applied Se and native soil Se.
Methods
Isotopically enriched 77Se (Na2SeO4) was applied (10 g ha-1) to four replicate plots (2 m x 2 m) of winter wheat, on three contrasting soils on the University of Nottingham farm (UK), at early stem extension in May 2012. Labelled 77Se was assayed in soil and crop fractions by ICP-MS.
Results
Topsoil retained a proportion of applied Se at harvest (c. 15 – 31 %) with only minor retention in subsoil (2-4 %), although losses were 37 – 43 %. Further analysis of topsoil 77Se, the following spring, and at second harvest, suggested that labelled Se retained in soil was25 fixed and uptake by a following crop was negligible.
Conclusions
Prolonged biofortification leads to accumulation of Se in soil but the retained Se has very low bioavailability and mobility. The time required to double the soil Se content would be about 500 years. However, reincorporation of cereal straw could provide a residual source of Se for a following crop, depending on timing and management
An academic hospitalist model to improve healthcare worker communication and learner education: Results from a quasi‐experimental study at a veterans affairs medical center
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102160/1/jhm2105.pd
Protostellar collapse: rotation and disk formation
We present some important conclusions from recent calculations pertaining to
the collapse of rotating molecular cloud cores with axial symmetry,
corresponding to evolution of young stellar objects through classes 0 and begin
of class I. Three main issues have been addressed: (1) The typical timescale
for building up a preplanetary disk - once more it turned out that it is of the
order of one free-fall time which is decisively shorter than the widely assumed
timescale related to the so-called 'inside-out collapse'; (2) Redistribution of
angular momentum and the accompanying dissipation of kinetic (rotational)
energy - together these processes govern the mechanical and thermal evolution
of the protostellar core to a large extent; (3) The origin of
calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions (CAIs) - due to the specific pattern of the
accretion flow, material that has undergone substantial chemical and
mineralogical modifications in the hot (exceeding 900 K) interior of the
protostellar core may have a good chance to be advectively transported outward
into the cooler remote parts (beyond 4 AU, say) of the growing disk and to
survive there until it is incorporated into a meteoritic body.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Probing Structures of Distant Extrasolar Planets with Microlensing
Planetary companions to the source stars of a caustic-crossing binary
microlensing events can be detected via the deviation from the parent light
curves created when the caustic magnifies the star light reflecting off the
atmosphere or surface of the planets. The magnitude of the deviation is delta_p
e_p rho_p^{-1/2}, where e_p is the fraction of starlight reflected by the
planet and rho_p is the angular radius of the planet in units of angular
Einstein ring radius. Due to the extraordinarily high resolution achieved
during the caustic crossing, the detailed shapes of these perturbations are
sensitive to fine structures on and around the planets. We consider the
signatures of rings, satellites, and atmospheric features on caustic-crossing
microlensing light curves. We find that, for reasonable assumptions, rings
produce deviations of order 10% delta_p, whereas satellites, spots, and zonal
bands produce deviations of order 1% delta_p. We consider the detectability of
these features using current and future telescopes, and find that, with very
large apertures (>30m), ring systems may be detectable, whereas spots,
satellites, and zonal bands will generally be difficult to detect. We also
present a short discussion of the stability of rings around close-in planets,
noting that rings are likely to be lost to Poynting-Robertson drag on a
timescale of order 10^5 years, unless they are composed of large (>>1 cm)
particles, or are stabilized by satellites.Comment: 34 pages, 10 figures. Revised version, minor changes, figures fixed.
Accepted to ApJ, to appear in the March 20, 2003 issue (v586
Why alternative teenagers self-harm: exploring the link between non-suicidal self-injury, attempted suicide and adolescent identity
Background:
The term ‘self-harm’ encompasses both attempted suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Specific adolescent subpopulations such as ethnic or sexual minorities, and more controversially, those who identify as ‘Alternative’ (Goth, Emo) have been proposed as being more likely to self-harm, while other groups such as ‘Jocks’ are linked with protective coping behaviours (for example exercise). NSSI has autonomic (it reduces negative emotions) and social (it communicates distress or facilitates group ‘bonding’) functions. This study explores the links between such aspects of self-harm, primarily NSSI, and youth subculture.<p></p>
Methods:
An anonymous survey was carried out of 452 15 year old German school students. Measures included: identification with different youth cultures, i.e. Alternative (Goth, Emo, Punk), Nerd (academic) or Jock (athletic); social background, e.g. socioeconomic status; and experience of victimisation. Self-harm (suicide and NSSI) was assessed using Self-harm Behavior Questionnaire and the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation (FASM).<p></p>
Results:
An “Alternative” identity was directly (r ≈ 0.3) and a “Jock” identity inversely (r ≈ -0.1) correlated with self-harm. “Alternative” teenagers self-injured more frequently (NSSI 45.5% vs. 18.8%), repeatedly self-injured, and were 4–8 times more likely to attempt suicide (even after adjusting for social background) than their non-Alternative peers. They were also more likely to self-injure for autonomic, communicative and social reasons than other adolescents.<p></p>
Conclusions:
About half of ‘Alternative’ adolescents’ self-injure, primarily to regulate emotions and communicate distress. However, a minority self-injure to reinforce their group identity, i.e. ‘To feel more a part of a group’
FAPRI 2000 U.S. Agricultural Outlook
Crop Production/Industries, Livestock Production/Industries,
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